In this topic, I will discuss about the search strategies
and how to locate information. From what I have learnt in class, there are four
search strategies which are Boolean, truncation, wildcards and phrase
searching.
Boolean searching which we use the terms such as AND, OR,
Not to find the information. These terms we can use them in building a search
statement or in putting several sets together. Boolean searching can be used in
an electronic database, or environment like World Wide Web. In Boolean
searching, the term “AND” use for when we want to limit a search. For example,
I want to find information cat, lion. When I use the term AND, the result will
come out all of the web pages that have two words cat and lion. To get more
information, we use the term OR. The result of using OR will be more than AND.
When I use the term and the result of an example above will come out all of the
web pages that can have cat or have lion
or cat and lion.
Truncation and wildcard are similar. They use the symbols to
replace for one or more letters in a word. Therefore, the result for using
these strategies will retrieve multiple spelling or a root word or word term.
However, there is one thing different between them. For truncation, we put the
character at the end of word. It expands the search to locate all words
beginning with the same root. For instance, brain* will return brainpop, brain
tumor, brain teasers,… For wildcards, we will use a special character like
asterisk (*), pound sign (#) or question mark (?) to replace the letter in a
word. We put the character in the middle of a word to match usually known
variants of term. Ex: s*y will return skype, skyrim, skdrive.
Lastly, to search information, we don’t use just only one
word. We can use a phrase or group of word to find information easier. It
called phrase searching. When we use phrase searching, we should put the phrase
between the brackets ( ) or inverted commas “ ”.for example, “time management”
or (time management). However, the
results of its will be fewer than use other search strategies especially not
all the database allow phrase searching.
In our report paper, we find information then we have to use
it into our report paper. So, how to write it, and do reference for it. Let us
discuss here. Reference list is a list of books, articles or other sources that
we use when researching a topic. The reference list should appear at the end of
the report paper. Any reference can occur in 2 places which are in the text and
the end of the text. In this case, we usually use APA style for reference. This
is the common style for almost the company or university. APA stand for American Psychological
Association, it provides guidelines for publication.
The basic rules for APA style focuses on three elements:
title, author, and documentation.
• Rule for
author: international name write the surname first, the name will write the
letter only, muslim and Malaysian name write all, use the & for two or more
author, more than sixth author we will use et cl to replace for the seventh
author.
• Rule for
title: capitalize the first letter, underline or italic the title of book,
journal or newspapers
• Rule for
documentation: arrange in alphabet order, no number, each reference should be
in single space, indention hanging line one-half inch.
Here some of the format for each type of document:
Books with one author
Format:
Author.
(Year). Title of Book. Place of Publication : Publisher.
Books with two authors we use the “&” before the last author, if more than six authors we replaced
the seventh author with et cl.
Books more than first
edition
Format: Author. (Year). Title of book (Edition.). Place of
Publication : Publisher.
Book with author and
editor:
Format:
Author, A. (Date). Title of book (Editor name, Ed.). Place
Publication: Publisher.
Article through
internet
Format: Author. (Year). Title of the article. Retrieved month
date, year from URL address.
Magazine article article:
Format:
Author, A. (Year,
Month Day). Name of the Article. Name of Magazine, volume, page number(s).
Journal article
through internet
Format:
Author. (Year). Title of the article. Name of the Journal,
Volume (issue / no), page. Retrieved month date, year, from URL address.
Moreover, we also use paraphrasing, summarizing and quoting
in our research paper. from this class, I know how to do all of these things.
We use these things to provide support for claims or add credibility to our
writing or give examples of several points of view on a subject. It helps to
persuade the audience for our point of view.
Besides, the list of reference, we have to cite the source in the
research paper as well. There are two types such as signal phrases and in text
citation. In signal phrase, we introduce the name of author first then we cite
the page in the end. In in-text citation style uses the author’s last name and
year of publication, for example: (Shamsul, 2009). For direct quotation,
include the page number as well, for example: (Shamsul, 2009, p.23).
Overall, this topic helps me to identify the search
strategies and how to use it in searching information. i always search
information by using the keywords but without using any characters or terms to
make the searching process easier. Now I hope I can apply these strategies into
my process when I do a project or report.
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